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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ORANGE FLESHED SWEET POTATO IN FCT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the
study
At independence in 1960, agriculture stood out as the most
important sector of Nigeria’s economy in several respects. It employed over
eighty percent (80%) of the nation’s workforce, served as the most important
foreign exchange earner and constituted a major source of Government revenue
(CBN, 2000).Given the vastness of the country and its diverse climatic and soil
conditions, a wide variety of crops are grown for industrial use, exports as
well as domestic consumption. The nation’s agricultural production is still
largely in the hands of the small scale farmers who are said to account for
ninety five percent [95%] of the total agricultural production (Adesimi
A.A.1997). At present, there are a relatively large
abundance of undeveloped resources and resources being
utilized at a low level of productivity, which if tapped and used effectively
would result in large increases in production and thus enabling Nigeria not
only to feed herself but also solving the world’s food problem.
One serious problem facing Nigeria today is chronic and
transitory food insecurity (World Bank, 1998).The contribution of agriculture
to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which was 65% on the average in the 60’s
dropped to 22.4% between 1976 and 1980. Even though it rose to 29.2% in the
year 2001, it dropped further to 22% in 2014 (CBN, 2014). Although Gana (1990)
described Nigeria as a food insecure country, the food problem which started in
the mid 1960’s, (Ojo, 1995) has continued to deepen, several decades after
independence (Adesina, 1997). Opinions may differ on the magnitude but the nature
of Nigeria’s food problem has never been in doubt. At the national level, the
main food problems are food supply deficits, poverty and uneven distribution of
income in terms of ability to buy food. On the economic front inadequate food
has resulted in reduced export earnings, large food imports, small revenue for
Government, shortage of raw materials for processing industries and increased
inflationary pressure (Ojo, 1995).
Sweet potato (Ipomea Batatas) has tremendous potentials to be
an efficient and economic source of energy within Sub Saharan Africa. It is the
third most important root and tuber crop after cassava (Manihot Esculenta) and
yam (Dioscorea specie). Both root and leaves are good source of pro vitamin A,
vitamin B, vitamin C, Calcium, Iron, Potassium and sodium with a small amount
of protein in both root and leaves (Woolfe, 1992).
Despite the importance of sweet potato, as stated above, it
is considered a minor crop in terms of
production and consumption in Nigeria.
Of the estimated 200,000 million tones of all root and tubers produced in
Nigeria annually, from 2003 to 2005 sweet potato contributed only 0.13%
(Horton, 2008). In addition to the little emphasis placed on the crop, average
yield under local conditions in the country is four tones. This is extremely
low when compared to other countries such as China were as much as 12 tonnes
per hectare have been obtained through the use of similar labour intensive and
modern technology system (Woolfe, 2002).
The poor output realized by farmers may be an indication that
resources needed in the production of the crop are not being used at their
optimal levels. The relatively little emphasis laid by farmers on the crop
raises the question as to whether it is profitable to grow the crop or not. This
situation calls for an assessment of the resources needed for its production
and how these resources are managed by
its cultivators. This vital information which is lacking at the moment has
created a vacuum which this research has the main objective of filling. The
major objective of this study is to estimate the production function for sweet
potato and to determine the profitability from sweet potato production in the
study area. The paper has been structure into five sections: section one is the
general introduction of the research topic, the second section deal with the
literature review and theoretical framework. Research methodology in the third
section, presentation of results and analysis in section four and section five
is the conclusions and recommendations.
1.2 Statement of the problem
There have been researches on the economic analysis of orange
fleshed sweet potatoes. This work gives further information on the economic
analysis of orange fleshed sweet potato in fct
1.3 Objectives of the study
1. To understand the impact of economic analysis of orange
fleshed potato on the production effectiveness of orange fleshed potato
2. To understand the impact of the cultivation of orange
fleshed potato on the socio-economic development of the agro-industry in fct
3. To understand the relationship between the economic
analysis, and cultivation of orange fleshed sweet potato and socio-economic
development in fct
1.4 Research questions
1. What is the impact of economic analysis of orange fleshed
potato on the production effectiveness of orange fleshed potato
2. What is the impact of the cultivation of orange fleshed
potato on the socio-economic development of the agro-industry in fct
3. What is the relationship between the economic analysis,
and cultivation of orange fleshed sweet potato and socio-economic development
in fct
Research Hypothesis
H0: There is no relationship between the economic analysis,
and cultivation of orange fleshed sweet potato and socio-economic development in
fct
H1: There is a relationship between the economic analysis,
and cultivation of orange fleshed sweet potato and socio-economic development
in fct
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