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CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The
concepts of child abuse and child neglect are forms of maltreatment on the
child that impedes child survival, development and participation. Children are
seen as assets to parents and government because they are human resources that
any society can boast of, therefore, parents and government invest in them in
order to obtain better tomorrow. This can be achieved however, if their early
child socialization is devoid of harmful cultural practices that crippled their
chances of survival, development and participation.
Ejikeme
(1987) defines child abuse as a problem arising from the intention of an adult
to carry out an act that is inimical or detrimental to the physical,
intellectual, language, emotional, moral and social development of a child;
while child neglect which involves some degree of deprivation refers to an
intentional failure of an adult to perform physical, cognitive, moral and
social development of a child.
However,
it is imperative to note in this premise that what constitute child
maltreatment in one society may not be considered same in another society, this
is because of cultural differences an belief, practices. From the above, it
will be important to trace the fact that there might be different factors that
caused child abuse and neglect since the application of cultural ideology is not
universal; that is, it changes across societies.
However,
different forms of child maltreatment exist like: child trafficking, street
begging, street hawking, child discrimination or child preference, early
marriage, prostitution, child labour, use of virgin girl-child for
ritual/sacrifice etc. despite tangible evidences or empirical indicators of
child abuse and neglect, it is difficult to measure.
This
is so because it is recognized as a major social problem that occurs in all
levels of social class, race, religion and ethnic groups. It is important to
note that the practice of child abuse and neglect is supported by government
indirectly when the individual is seen as a product of the society.
Poor
socio-economic status of parents trace its roots through unemployment and
destitution as government does not address social inequality, unemployment and
poverty amongst its citizens, instead people in position work towards
actualizing their selfish ends and those who cannot meet the society values
through the legitimate means result to deviance and crime as postulated by
Robert K. Merton, Alemika and Best (1988) argues that our past successive state
Governors/Administrators both military and Politicians, business individuals,
foreigners etc who loot billions of Naira from the country’s treasury and
precipitate years of economic crisis, political instability etc are hardly
arrested, prosecuted nor jailed, instead they are rewarded with Chieftaincy
tittles, honorary degrees, ministerial appointments, contracts and the like.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Forms
of child maltreatment like; child abandonment, child abduction, child
trafficking, street begging, street hawking, child labour, prostitution, early
marriage and the like, deteriote
and cause a total decay of the society. This foster insecurity and anarchy as a
result of inadequate means of meeting legitimate goals or values of the
society. This jeopardizes not only the immediate children but further endangers
our future continuum and a tactical genocidal wipe of humanity since child
maltreatment maimed the survival, development and participation of the child.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The
research at glance intent to critically analyzes, appraises and examines the
impact of negative attributes of child abuse and neglect on the individual,
families and the society. The specific objectives are:
i)
Determine the impact of
child abuse and neglect on the child.
ii)
Determine the
relationship between child abuse, child neglect and crime.
iii)
Determine the roles of
parents and government in curbing the menace.
iv)
Determine the influence
of culture in propagating child abuse and neglect.
v)
Make appropriate
recommendations to the government.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
Child
abuse and child neglect are social problems that affects a significant number
of people about which something need to be done. This menace deters
technological advancement and waste a lot of wisdom and talents. This study
however, would help reduce the number of people affected through adequate
mobilization and campaign against this catastrophe. This study would also help
in legislating against the catastrophe. This study would provide a data bank
that serve as literature for further use by scholars.
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
OF STUDY
This study was restricted to Gyel
district of Jos south local government area; this is to provide the researcher
access to sample a particular target population to ensure meaningful work
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